![]() The mining companies proceeded to give in and the strike came to a close. However, instead of forcefully breaking the strike, he used the military to manage the mines, which essentially put mining companies out of work. Their negotiations ended up not being able to resolve the issue, and Roosevelt went on to use the military. Instead, when a bunch of mine workers went on strike, he decided to have a meeting with some of the mining company’s leaders to negotiate a deal. As an example of his “speak softly” philosophy, Roosevelt refrained from using military force to break up strikes, even though that was a common practice by previous governments. It did not take very much time into Roosevelt’s term for him to put his policy into action. He came prepared with his Big Stick Diplomacy. When he was assassinated in 1901, Theodore Roosevelt was ready to step in and fill the void. Tension was building under McKinley’s presidency. During the presidency of William McKinley, there was some early tension between American economic markets and foreign markets. It would go on to pretty accurately summarize his actions while in office. ![]() Theodore Roosevelt apparently coined the phrase “Speak softly and carry a big stick,” which pretty accurately summarizes the foreign affair policy of Big Stick Diplomacy, in 1901. Why: To exert American influence and power, and to efficiently expand American markets. Who: Theodore Roosevelt and American Congress Where: American foreign affairs with Latin America, Cuba, and Japan Specifically used in reference to American foreign affairs during the presidency of Theodore Roosevelt. The Quick Detailsĭefinition: A method of negotiating where it is approached peacefully, but recognizing the possible need for force. So, here you have it: a crash course on Big Stick Diplomacy, as coined by good ole Teddy Roosevelt. But do you really know what it means? More than that, could you explain why it is important in the form of a Free Response Question on the AP® US History exam? You need to be very familiar with this idea for the APUSH test, so we made a quick breakdown for your learning pleasure. AIM leaders were later tried in a Minnesota court and, after a trial that lasted for eight months, were acquitted of wrongdoing.“Speak softly and carry a big stick.” Almost every red-blooded American has heard that phrase before. Wounded Knee was a seminal event, drawing worldwide attention to the plight of American Indians. Through the resulting siege that lasted for 71 days, two people were killed, twelve wounded, and twelve hundred arrested. When FBI agents were dispatched to remove the AIM occupiers, a standoff ensued. Their ruthless suppression of AIM during the early 1970s sowed the seeds of the confrontation that followed in February, 1973, when AIM leader Russell Means and his followers took over the small Indian community of Wounded Knee, South Dakota, in protest of its allegedly corrupt government. The revolutionary fervor of AIM's leaders drew the attention of the FBI and the CIA, who then set out to crush the movement. They opened the K-12 Heart of the Earth Survival School in 1971, and in 1972, mounted the Trail of Broken Treaties march on Washington, D.C., where they took over the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), in protest of its policies, and with demands for their reform. Out of that ferment and determination, the American Indian Movement was born.ĪIM's leaders spoke out against high unemployment, slum housing, and racist treatment, fought for treaty rights and the reclamation of tribal land, and advocated on behalf of urban Indians whose situation bred illness and poverty. Frustrated by discrimination and decades of federal Indian policy, they came together to discuss the critical issues restraining them and to take control over their own destiny. It began taking form when 200 people from the Indian community turned out for a meeting called by a group of Native American community activists led by George Mitchell, Dennis Banks, and Clyde Bellecourt. ![]() Records documenting the history, internal operation, and legal practice of a committee established by lawyers, legal workers, and others dedicated to the defense of activists involved in the American Indian protest movement of the 1970s.Īmerican Indian Movement News/Newsletter.Ī Good Day to Die , a Yocha Dehe Winton Nation production produced and directed by David Mueller and Lynn Salt.Ĭhronicles the life story of Dennis Banks, the Native American who co-founded the American Indian Movement (AIM).ĪIM-the American Indian Movement-began in Minneapolis, Minnesota, in the summer of 1968. Wounded Knee Legal Defense/Offense Committee Records. Paul, Minn.: Wounded Knee Legal Defense/Offense Committee, 1973. We Are Still Here: A Photographic History of the American Indian Movement, photographs by Dick Bancroft and text by Laura Waterman Wittstock.
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